Alaska: From Russian Territory to American Land
Alaska, the largest state in the United States by area, has a unique history and a wealth of natural resources that make it a significant part of the country. Once under Russian control, Alaska was sold to the United States in 1867 in what is now known as the Alaska Purchase. For $7.2 million, the U.S. acquired more than 1.7 million square kilometers of land — a deal many at the time criticized as “Seward’s Folly,” named after U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward, who negotiated the agreement. Critics believed the land was a barren wasteland, but history proved otherwise.
Before the purchase, Russian settlers had established fur trading posts, exploiting the region’s rich wildlife, especially sea otters. However, maintaining such a remote colony was expensive for Russia, and fears of losing the territory to Britain during a possible conflict encouraged the sale to the United States.
Today, Alaska is a vital economic asset. It boasts vast reserves of oil and natural gas, particularly in Prudhoe Bay and the North Slope. The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) transports crude oil across the state to southern ports. Fishing is another key industry, with Alaska’s waters producing significant catches of salmon, crab, and halibut. Forestry and mining are also important, with gold, zinc, and copper among its valuable minerals.
In addition to its economic significance, Alaska is known for its breathtaking landscapes: towering mountains like Denali, expansive glaciers, and pristine wilderness. It’s also home to diverse wildlife, from grizzly bears and moose to bald eagles and humpback whales. Tourism thrives as visitors come for adventure activities, such as hiking, dog sledding, and viewing the Northern Lights.
From being seen as a “frozen wasteland” to becoming one of the richest resource hubs in the U.S., Alaska’s transformation is a testament to its enduring value — both economically and culturally.
