Ancient Samarkand
Samarkand is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Central Asia, often called the “pearl of the East.” Located in modern-day Uzbekistan, it has been a crossroads of cultures for more than 2,500 years. From Persian dynasties to Alexander the Great, from Arab scholars to Mongol conquerors, every great empire left its imprint on this city.
Samarkand’s fame grew rapidly during the era of the Silk Road. Merchants, scholars, and travelers passed through, making it not only a commercial hub but also a center of science and culture. The city was celebrated for its astronomers, poets, and artisans, who shared knowledge across continents. Even today, its role as a bridge between East and West remains an essential part of its identity.
One of the most iconic landmarks is Registan Square, surrounded by three grand madrasahs covered in blue-tiled mosaics. This site is not only breathtaking in scale and decoration but also a powerful symbol of the city’s medieval prosperity. Another treasure is the Shah-i-Zinda necropolis, a collection of mausoleums known for their stunning tilework and spiritual atmosphere. Visitors also admire the Bibi-Khanym Mosque, once one of the largest mosques in the Islamic world.
During the rule of the famous conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) in the 14th century, Samarkand became his capital and flourished with monumental architecture. His legacy is visible everywhere, from the Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum, where he is buried, to the observatory built by his grandson Ulugh Beg, a remarkable scientist and astronomer.
Modern Samarkand preserves its ancient charm while also embracing development. The city remains a UNESCO World Heritage Site, attracting thousands of travelers eager to explore its past. Walking through its streets, one can feel layers of history—Persian, Islamic, Mongol, and Timurid—blended into a living museum under the bright Uzbek sun.
Samarkand is not just a place of historical monuments; it is a city of vibrant bazaars, fragrant spices, and warm hospitality. It continues to inspire awe, reminding us how cultures met, mixed, and thrived along the ancient Silk Road.
